Oil burner



OIL BURNER Filed Aprilgo, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 fan a 6. w

95% @MMW Jan. 8 7

1,480,430 E. G. GIBSON OIL BURNER Filed April 20, 1923 2 Sheets-Sheet 26H0: new;

Patented Jan. 8, 1924.

PATENT 'oFFIcE'L} ELKEB G. GIBSON, 01 HEBINGTON,

OIL scam.

Application fled April 20, 1923. Serial 1T0. 633,440.

' To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, ELMER G. GIBSON, a citizen of the United States,residing at Herington, Kansas, have inventedcertain new '5 and usefulImprovements in Oil Burners; and I do hereby declare the following to bea full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and 10use thesame.

This invention relates to oil burners, and more particularly to burnersof that class adapted for utilization in heating, stovw, furnaces,boilers and similar heating structures.

Specifically, the invention relates to a relatively small unit adaptedfor installation in position to efiiciently heat the fire box in suchstructures as heretofore referred to, as

will be more particularly pointed out later.

The object of the invention is the provisionof a burner which, whileeconomical from a standpoint of production, is adapted to quickly attainmaximum efficiency, and

which may be easily installed in operative position.

Other objects will be -made apparent in A the following specification,taken in connection with the drawings which form a part 30 thereof. a

In said drawings, Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section taken through thefire box of a boiler, equipped with the burner,

Fig. 2 is a vertical section taken on line -22 of Fig. 1, I Fig. 3 is anenlarged fragmentary detail of the inner end portion of the burner asshown in Fig. 1, I Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the cover for the oilspreader plate,

Fig. 5 is a top plan view of the spreader P e ig. 6 is a damper, and

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the damper support, and flame spreader.

Now referring to the specific embodiment of the invention, hereillustrated, the invention is shown as applied to the firebox A of asteam boiler furnace, provided withthe usual floors, flash walls, watertubes, and flues, as indicated in Fig. 1. The doors of perspective viewof the air the fire boxhave been removed, and the burner is applied tofill the opening leading I to the firebox, as will be understood.

As shown in Fig. 1, the burner comprises a closure 1, adapted to befitted in position to fill said opening. Ri idly secured to said closure1, is a downwar ly inclined spreader plate 2, and an oil pipe or conduit3 leads, by i means of a proper connection, through said plate 2 fromthe lower side, said conduit being supplied by oil under pressure,controlled by a valve 3 The pipe 3 opensat 4 of oil grooves 5 radiatefrom said opening 4, to the outer edge of the plate 2,-as shown clearlyin Fig.- 5. of the plate 3 is provided with an oil grooves 5, the frontclosure 7 of said trou h being serrated, for a purpose to be present ydescribed. A cover plate 8 is fitted to the spreader plate 2, and servestoconfine to the grooves 5, the oil delivered by the pipe 3.

upon the top of said plate 2, and-a plurality The lower front edgetrough 6, to catch the oil delivered by the Located beneath the'spreaderplate 2, and

spaced therefrom, is an air intake member 9, shown in Fig. 7, and opento the atmosphere, as shown in Fig. 2. The member 9 is equipped withtransversely-extending,. in-,

weirdly-converging walls 10,-'adapted to' form a conduit for theinduction of outside air. The inwardly-converging walls 10-,serve totrap the air as it .is drawn in by the draft in the fire box A, and toincrease its 'velocity at the inner ends of said walls.

A damper 11 is. pivotally' mounted on trunnions 12, seated in apertures13- formed in the walls 10 of'the intake 9, and an= opcrating rod 14extends to a point convement to the operator, whereby the damper 11 maybe shifted as desired. The lower edge of the rod 14 may be notched forengagement with the closure 1, whereby to retain the damper 11 in anyset position, as will be understood.

The upper portion p'rovided with an apron 15, adapted, when the damperisclosed, tolie in a plane parallel to the plane of the bottom rear edge6' of the'trough..6,as indicated by dotted of the damper 11/is I linesin Fig. 2, whereby to eflfectu'ally pre- 1 vent the passage of air,durin "the closed position of the damper. As lndicated in Figs. 1 and 3,the inner face of the damper 11 is provided with steps 'or serrations16, for a. purpose to be hereinafter explained.

Q r A vwhich may drip off the serrations of the excess oil.

trough, or 01f the serrations of the damper. An overflow pipe 18 leadstothe deep portion of the deflector 17, and leads ofi any Inrthepracticaloperation of the device as above described, the valve' 3 isturned to admit oil to the spreader plate 2. The oil trickles down thegrooves 5' untilit' fills the trough 6, and then passes through theserrations in the upper edge of the wall 7 and falls on to the face ofthe damper 11, at that time in open position, as shown in full lines,Fig. 1. The oil drops from the damper to the deflector 17, it beingunderstood that the globules of oil are shattered and partially atomizedby striking the damper 11 and the'deflector 17. The oil may be ignitedin any manner, such as by a torch. v

As soon as combustion is started the damper is almost closed, and theheat within the fire box draws air between the walls -10, which airpasses above the damper and through the sheet of globules of oil'dropping from the trough 6 to the damper, and also below the damperthrough the sheet of globules falling from the latter to the de' flector17. The passage of air through and transversely of the sheets ofglobules tends,

to further atomize the latter, and'to form a' highly combustible mixturetherewith, which tendency is. greatly accentuated in proportion to theincrease of heat in the box, as will be readily understood. As

maximum high temperature is approached in the fire box, the spreaderplate 2, and the cover plate-.8 areso-highly heated as to quicklyvaporize the oil as it enters and runs down the grooves 5, whichvaporizav t on is almost certainly completed, as the oil falls from. theserrations in the wall 7 and upon the very hot damper 11. Under [thesecircumstances the incoming air, al-

fready highly heated'between the Walls 10,

10, immediately and forms a highly combustible mixture resulting-ininstant combustion as soon as it I reaches the flash zone; -At this timethe damper 11 may be. opened wide and the burner run at maximumefiiciency and with a minimum consumption offuel oil, the deflector l7directing the flame upwardly and inwardly towards the center of thefirebox.

The fuel oil may be any hydro-carbon distillate, such as crude oil.

upon passing the damper, contacts 011 which is practically vaporizedgasoline, kerosene, or even From the foregoing, it will be obvious thatI have produced a unit which may be installed in stoves or furnacestructures without the necessity of removing any grates or otheroriginal equipment of the fire 7 box, and provided with a draft controla which may be adjusted against any wind currents which might otherwiseinterfere with the eflicient operation.

While I have here shown a battery of 73 three identical units, it is tobe understood that I may just as easily install one unit duit, andhaving a trough at its-lower end,

a plurality of grooves on said plate adapted to conduct the oil to saidtrough, a cover plate mounted upon said spreader plate, and

a, plurality of apertures in the lower wall of said trough, permittingpassage of said oil, substantially as described.

2. An oil burner. comprising, in 'combi-. nation with an. oil conduit,an inclined spreader plate adapted to receive oil from the conduit, atrough at the lower end of I said plate, an air supply conduitpositioned below said plate, a damper pivotally mounted 1n sa d airsupply conduit below said trough, and apertures 1n said trough permit- Iting gravitation of said oil to saiddamper, substantially as described.

3. An oil burner comprising, in combina tion with an oil conduit, aninclined spreader plate adapted to receive oil from the conduit, atrough at the lower end of said plate, anair supply conduit positionedbelow said plate, a damper pivotally mounted in said air supply conduitbelow said trough, a deflector mounted below said damper, and adapted todirect flame towards the center of the fire box, and apertures in saidtrou h permitting gravitation of said oil to said damper, substantiallyas described.

4. An oil burner comprising, in combination with an oil conduit, aninclined spreader plate adapted to receive oil from the conduit, atrough at the lower end of said plate, an air supply conduit poistionedbelow said 1 plate, a damper pivotally mounted in said air supplyconduit below'said. trough, a defiector mounted below said damper, and

adapted to direct flame towards the centerof the fire box, apertures insaid trough per- 1 mitting gravitation of said oil to said damper, andmeans for taking olf any unvaporized oil accumulated in said deflector,substantially as described.

5. An oil burner comprising, in combination with an oil conduit, aninclined spreader plate adapted to receive upon its upper surface, oilfrom said conduit, a trough at the lower edge of said plate, a pluralityof grooves on said plate adapted to conduct said oil to said trough,apertures in the front edge of said trough permitting the exit of oilwhen the trough is filled, an air conduit below said trough, a damperpivotally mounted in said air conduit below said apertures, andserrations on the inner face of said damper adapted to receive andtemporarily hold oil which gravitates thereon om said apertures,scribed.

6. An oil burner comprising, in combination with an oil'conduit, aninclined spreader plate adapted to receive, upon its upper surface, oilfrom said conduit, a trough at the lower edge of said plate, a pluralityof grooves on said plate adapted to conduct said oil to said trough,apertures in the front edge of said trough permitting the exit of oilwhen the trough is filled, an air conduit below said trough, a damperivotally mounted in said air conduit ow said apertures, serrations onthe inner face of said damper adapted to receive and temporarily holdoil which gravitates thereon substantially as defrom said apertures, anda flame deflector located below said damper, substantially as described.

7. An oil burner comprising an inclined spreader plate and means fordelivering oil sage of air through said conduit and posi-- tioned belowsaid trough, and a flame deflector located below said damper,substantially as described.

8. An oil burner adapted for installation into a fire box, comprising,in combination with an oil supply conduit, a spreader plate adapted toconfine the oil to a certain area,-

a trough at the inner edge of said plate, serrations at the upper edgeof said trough, a cover plate for said spreader plate adapted toco-operate with'tlie latter in confining the oil, an air' intake membermounted be low said spreader plate, a damper pivotally mounted on' saidmember, means carriedby said member for receiving outside air anddirecting it past and adjacent said damper, a deflector located belowsaid damper, and means for leading ofi excess oil received by saiddeflector plate.

In testimony whereof I aflix m signature.

ELMER G. IBSON.

